资料图:日本福岛第一核电站。
2011年,福岛核电站事故发生后,大量放射性物质泄漏到大气层和太平洋,对周围环境造成了难以逆转的伤害,数十万人被迫撤离该地区。时至今日,作为日本邻国之一的韩国仍未解除福岛海鲜禁令。
日本以核污水存储能力即将达到上限为由,在2021年4月13日,正式决定将福岛第一核电站核污水排入太平洋。过去一年多,日本政府和东京电力公司一直在持续推进核污水排海计划。
日本政府辩称,这些核污水经多核素处理系统(ALPS)处理后很安全,甚至“可以喝”,这样的表态无疑在愚弄大众。
事实上,经过处理的核污水仍含有多种放射性物质,核污水一旦排放入海就无法回收,长期来看,将会给海洋生态带来难以估量的潜在威胁,最终危害人类健康。
因此,核污水排海计划推出后,遭到日本民众强烈反对。日本《朝日新闻》2022年3月公布的问卷调查显示,福岛县、宫城县和岩手县受访的42个市町村长中,约六成反对东京电力公司福岛第一核电站核污水排放入海。日本全国渔业协会联合会也多次申明立场,反对该计划。
日本政府认为,核污水排海是最便宜、最省事的解决方案,但此举却将周边国家乃至全世界置于核污染风险中。太平洋非日本一家之海,核污水会随着洋流流动,其影响势必会跨越国界,危害周边国家乃至整个国际社会的公共福祉和利益。
《韩国经济新闻》发文称,相关研究认为,福岛核污水如果排放入海,约7个月后将到达济州等韩国海域,该国水产业和旅游业将遭受相当大的损失。
德国南极海洋机构也曾发出警告,若日本将所有核污水排入海中,不到半年,整个太平洋都将面临高度辐射威胁,包括远在大洋另一端的美国。太平洋地区人民更是对日本该计划持反对意见。
日本作为《联合国海洋法公约》缔约国,有义务保护海洋环境。然而,在核污水排海方案的正当性、核污水数据的可靠性、净化装置的有效性、环境影响的不确定性等问题上,日本未能作出科学、可信的说明。
国际原子能机构技术工作组虽已三次赴日实地考察评估,但尚未就日排海方案的安全性给出结论,并且对日本提出诸多澄清要求和整改意见。在此情况下,日本仍执意推进核污水排海工程建设,这是极不负责任的行为。
太平洋不是日本的下水道,日本必须正视各方合理关切,在与周边国家等相关利益方和国际原子能机构充分协商后,制定合理的核污水处理方案。日本也要着眼长远,若只顾眼前,执意将核污水排放入海,不仅其自身,周边国家乃至全世界都将为之买单,其后果必将会危害数代人。
Fukushima water disposal by no means Japan’s own business
By John Lee
(ECNS) -- Japan has announced it will release treated wastewater from the wrecked Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant into the Pacific Ocean this year.
Although Fukushima wastewater disposal affects global marine ecological environment protection and public health, Japan has turned a deaf ear to domestic and international opposition to dumping the contaminated water into the sea, treating the "global" matter as its own business.
The Fukushima accident in 2011 had sent large quantities of radiation into the atmosphere and the Pacific Ocean, causing irreversible damage to the surrounding environment, and hundreds of thousands of people were forced to evacuate the area. South Korea still maintains its import ban on Japanese seafood from areas affected by the Fukushima nuclear disaster.
On April 13, 2021, Japan announced it had decided to discharge contaminated radioactive wastewater in Fukushima Prefecture into the sea due to dwindling storage space, with the Japanese government and plant operator Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings Inc. promoting the release plan over the past year.
The Japanese government argues that the water treated by an advanced liquid processing system, or ALPS, is safe and drinkable, which is undoubtedly fooling the public.
In fact, the treated wastewater still includes a variety of radioactive substances and can’t be recycled once discharged into the sea, which will pose a great threat to marine ecology and ultimately endanger human health in the long run.
Therefore, the discharge plan has been strongly opposed in Japan. According to a questionnaire conducted by The Asahi Shimbun, nearly 60 percent of mayors of 42 municipalities in Iwate, Miyagi and Fukushima prefectures oppose the discharge plan. The National Fisheries Cooperative Federation of Japan has also repeatedly stated its opposition in public.
The Japanese government believes that dumping Fukushima wastewater into the sea is the cheapest and most convenient solution, but neighboring countries and even the whole world will be at risk of nuclear pollution.
The Pacific Ocean doesn’t belong to Japan and the wastewater flow along oceanic currents will surely break boundaries and endanger public welfare and the interests of neighboring countries and even the international community.
The Korea Economic Daily reported that related research concluded that if contaminated water from Fukushima is released into the ocean, it would only take seven months for the contaminated water to reach the shores of Jeju Island, with the country's aquaculture and tourism suffering considerable losses.
According to the calculation of a German marine scientific research institute, radioactive materials will spread to most of the Pacific Ocean within half a year from the date of discharge, and the U.S. and Canada will be affected by nuclear pollution. People in the Pacific region also oppose the discharge plan.
As a participant of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, Japan has the obligation of protecting the marine environment.
However, it hasn’t offered a full and convincing explanation on issues like the legitimacy of the discharge plan, the reliability of data on the nuclear-contaminated water, the efficacy of the treatment system or the uncertainty of environmental impact.
Though the IAEA has yet to complete a comprehensive review after three investigations in Japan, the Japanese side has been pushing through the approval process for its discharge plan and even started building facilities for the discharge. It is rather irresponsible for Japan to act against public opinion at home and concerns abroad.
The Pacific Ocean is not a private Japanese sewer. The country must seriously heed the voices of the international community and make a reasonable plan for the Fukushima wastewater disposal after full consultation with stakeholders and international agencies.
If it only seeks instant interest and insists on discharging the contaminated water into the sea, not only itself, but also its neighboring countries and the entire world will pay for the decision and several generations will be forced to bear the consequence.
“绳彩飞扬”助力校园特色体育****** 山东省济南市历下区历山学校: “绳彩飞扬”助力校园特色体育 近日,在山东省济南市历下区历山学校操场上,学生们随着大绳和小绳的翻飞,机智地跳跃、跑动,笑意写在脸上、快乐洋溢心中。这是该校学生正在备战全国跳绳联赛训练的场景,而全校开展跳绳活动正在成为学校的一道风景,“人人会跳绳、天天有比赛、班班有队伍”局面已经形成。 从2018年9月开始,历山学校着力研发实施“绳彩飞扬”特色课程体系,在“以绳健体、以绳会友、以绳促德、以绳增智”的理念引领下,学校以学生体质健康为中心,以体育课堂为载体,以阳光大课间为补充,以“绳彩飞扬”为主题,充分发挥花样跳绳特色项目的育人作用,将校园特色体育文化建设与学校整体文化育人建设紧密结合起来,为学生健康打下了坚实基础。 “绳彩飞扬”课程推动学校特色体育文化发展 近年来,历山学校结合本校实际情况,遵循学生年龄阶段的发展规律,加强对跳绳运动传统文化的传承,引导学生逐步了解跳绳文化,不断丰富跳绳课程内容,同时,将跳绳与音乐等学科相结合,借助音乐的旋律,提升学生对韵律的欣赏和对节奏的把握;立足实践探索编制花样跳绳绳操“绳彩飞扬”课程教材,在学校大课间推广,激发学生跳绳的兴趣,为校园特色文化打好基础。 除了提升学生们的技能,学校还注重跳绳知识和礼节等相关体育文化的教育,将花样跳绳技能教学渗透到体育教育中,由“戏”过渡到“育”的阶段,其内容和形式不断发展变化。同时,学校注重跳绳组合形式等方面的探索与研究,使花样跳绳运动朝着多样性、娱乐性、观赏性的方向发展。经过大量的“练”和“赛”,不仅学生之间的默契配合度得到提升,团队合作意识与能力也得到增强。 学校还充分发挥第二课堂的作用,利用花样跳绳社团弥补学生“练”“赛”的不足。为提高学生兴趣,学校专门成立了“跳绳社团教师指导小组”,以帮助各学习小组的教师学好每一个动作。同时,学校还加大对课程理论的学习研究,参与编写《山东师大基础教育集团跳绳教程》《花样跳绳》校本教程教材,申报课题“跳绳运动对提升小学生体质健康的实践研究”等。 多种方式推动“以赛促练,以练促学” 学校充分考虑跳绳场地较小的特点,利用“天天跳绳”软件,组织全校线上跳绳比赛,组织学生参加山东省第一届线上中小学生跳绳比赛,为学校线上体育教学发展提供了更多借鉴和经验,让“以赛促练”成为学校体育发展的主要路径。 结合学校体育教学实际,学校着力推进“以赛促练,以练促学”活动。第一学期低年级以“一分钟并脚跳”为主,高年级以“8字绕”为主;第二学期学校组织体育节、跳绳吉尼斯活动。同时,借助山东师大基础教育集团办学优势,2021年,学校承办了“童心向党,绳彩飞扬”山东师大基础教育集团跳绳比赛,让整个校园因花样跳绳焕发出新的活力与生机。 “绳彩飞扬”助力学生全面成长 通过特色体育文化引领,学校的体育工作实现了质的提升。 2021年学生体质健康综合评价达标率为96.34%,其中一分钟跳绳达标率高达99.61%。从2018年开始至今,历山学校花样跳绳队在全国跳绳联赛、全省全民健身运动会、全省中小学生线上跳绳比赛、济南市中小学生跳绳比赛上屡次取得优异成绩:18次获得全国跳绳联赛第一名,连续4年获得山东省特等奖,学校“绳彩飞扬”活动获得历下区“阳光大课间”活动评比第一名,学校被评为“山东省校园跳绳推广学校”。 (作者:辛吉荣 王欣欣,单位系山东省济南市历下区历山学校) 《中国教育报》2023年01月10日第9版 (文图:赵筱尘 巫邓炎) [责编:天天中] 阅读剩余全文() |